What should a nurse do for DKA?
Nursing Management
- Monitor vitals.
- Check blood sugars and treat with insulin as ordered.
- Start two large-bore IVs.
- Administer fluids as recommended.
- Check electrolytes as potassium levels will drop with insulin treatment.
- Check renal function.
- Assess mental status.
- Look for signs of infection (a common cause of DKA)
What are the most common factors for DKA and HHS?
The most common precipitating factors for DKA are infection (30 to 40%) and new-onset diabetes (20 to 25%), and the most common precipitating factors for HHS are inadequate insulin treatment or noncompliance (21 to 41%) and infection (32 to 60%).
Why is glucose level higher in HHS than DKA?
In addition, DKA patients tend to be younger than HHS patients, and thereby have a higher glomerular filtration rate. Accordingly, DKA patients have a greater ability to excrete glucose in urine and can thereby limit the hyperglycemia.
What is the first intervention for DKA?
The initial priority in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis is the restoration of extra-cellular fluid volume through the intravenous administration of a normal saline (0.9 percent sodium chloride) solution.
Why is glucose higher in HHS than DKA?
Why are there no ketones in HHS?
Ketones develop when the blood glucose level is high due to lack of insulin which is needed to allow glucose to enter the cells for energy. Because people with Type 2 diabetes may still be producing some insulin, ketones may not be created.
What is DKA and HHS?
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) are the two most serious metabolic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). These disorders can occur in both type 1 and type 2 DM. DKA is characterized by hyperglycemia, ketone body formation and metabolic acidosis.
Why is there no ketones in HHS?
Serum ketones are not present because the amounts of insulin present in most patients with type 2 diabetes are adequate to suppress ketogenesis.
What do you need to know as a nurse about DKA/HHNS?
As the nurse, you must know typical signs and symptoms of DKA and HHNS, patient teaching, and expected medical treatments. Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) are both complication of diabetes mellitus, but there are differences between the two complications that you must know as a nurse.
What are the nursing care plans for diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome?
Here are four (4) nursing care plans (NCP) and nursing diagnosis for patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome: 1. Risk For Fluid Volume Deficit 1. Risk For Fluid Volume Deficit 2. Risk For Infection 3. Deficient Knowledge 4.
What are the treatments for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Treatments are the same as in DKA, however, fluid administration helps just as much as insulin therapy because of the correction of osmolarlity issue.
What is the cause of osmotic diuresis in HHNS and DKA?
True or False: Osmotic diuresis is present in HHNS and DKA due to the kidney’s inability to reabsorb the excessive glucose which causes glucose to leak into the urine which in turn causes extra water and electrolytes to be excreted. 8. Which of the following is NOT a medical treatment for DKA and HHNS?