What is ventricular obliteration?
Left ventricular cavity obliteration is an angiographic phenomenon in which apical intracavitary space becomes totally occupied in systole by the contracting left ventricular muscle.
What does the laryngeal ventricle do?
The laryngeal ventricle begins inferiorly to the free edge of the vestibular fold and continues laterally. The ventricle exists bilaterally, and secretes mucus over the superior surface of the vocal folds, forming a protective layer.
What happens when the glottis is closed?
The narrowed glottis that Abercrombie refers to is meant to account for ‘whisper,’ (Film clip 3) which is noisier than ‘breath,’ and the closed glottis refers to the state known as a ‘glottal stop,’ (Film clip 4) when the passage is closed, allowing no air (either breath or voiced flow) to pass through.
What is the laryngeal ventricle and where is it located?
The laryngeal ventricle is a slitlike, mucosa-lined, space located between the true and false vocal cords. It is often seen on lateral radiographs of the neck as an air-filled space between the true and false vocal cords. It should not be confused with the laryngeal vestibule.
What is mid cavity obliteration?
Cavity obliteration was defined by contact of the opposite walls in the apical views during DE, and ischemia by detection of a new or worsening wall motion abnormality. Sensitivity was based on comparison with coronary anatomy in 220 patients without prior revascularization.
What is Pseudosulcus?
Pseudosulcus is infraglottic laryngeal edema that is thought to be secondary to LPR. All patients were evaluated with dual-channel pH probe 24-hour monitoring to evaluate for the presence of laryngopharyngeal reflux.
What is the condition when the glottis is blocked by closed vocal cords during an intubation attempt?
Glottic insufficiency is characterized by incomplete closure of the vocal folds when phonating, which causes inappropriate leakage of air through the glottis on attempting to phonate and there is an increased risk of aspiration.
What keeps the trachea from collapsing?
hyaline cartilage
The hyaline cartilage in the tracheal wall provides support and keeps the trachea from collapsing. The posterior soft tissue allows for expansion of the esophagus, which is immediately posterior to the trachea.
What is apical obliteration?
The rate of apical obliteration was defined as the net obliteration to end-diastolic apical cap thickness, and the ratio of obliteration to cavity was defined as the end-systolic obliteration to cavity height. Events were defined as a composite of new onset of AF, stroke, HF, and cardiovascular (CV) death.
What is mid Cavitary obstruction?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with mid-cavitary obstruction (MCO) is a well-established HCM phenotype that occurs in approximately 10% of HCM patients.1 2 The presence of MCO has been associated with adverse outcomes in large HCM cohorts, including progression to end-stage heart failure, sudden cardiac death and …
What is laryngeal Pseudosulcus?
Laryngeal pseudosulcus refers to edema of the ventral surface of the true vocal fold that extends from the anterior commissure to the posterior lar- ynx. Patients with pseudosulcus are nearly 2.5 times more likely to have pH-documented LPR (P 0.001).
Is GERD and LPR the same?
When acid repeatedly “refluxes” from the stomach into the esophagus alone, it is known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, if the stomach acid travels up the esophagus and spills into the throat or voice box (called the pharynx/larynx), it is known as laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).
What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve responsible for?
Function. The recurrent laryngeal nerves control all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle. These muscles act to open, close, and adjust the tension of the vocal cords, and include the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, the only muscle to open the vocal cords.
What is reduced laryngeal closure?
During the swallowing if the laryngeal valves are not functioning adequately. It may result from reduced laryngeal closure (c10). When the larynx is not closed tightly enough, food can penetrate into the trachea. The only cause for aspiration during the swallow is reduced laryngeal closure.
What is laryngeal vestibule?
The “airspace” above the level of the vocal folds that is bounded by the posterior surface of the epiglottis, the medial surfaces of the aryepiglottic folds, and the anterior faces of the arytenoid cartilages.