What is the structure of polyaniline?
Polyaniline (PANI) enjoys a conjugated structure that brings about conductivity in a doped state, where the dopants are usually acids endowing conductivity to PANI.
What is the meaning of emeraldine?
Definition of emeraldine (Entry 2 of 2) : a blue basic compound yielding bottle-green salts with acids that is formed as an intermediate in the production of aniline black.
What is polyaniline conducting polymer?
Polyaniline, a conducting polymer, is prepared by the oxidation of aniline hydrochloride with ammonium peroxodisulfate in aqueous medium. The polymer is obtained in nearly quantitative yield; its conductivity at 20°C is 4.4 Scm−1.
How is polyaniline Synthesised?
Polyaniline (PANI) synthesis. PANI was synthesized by oxidative polymerization using 0.1 M anilinium hydrochloride (ANHC) in 1 M HCl and ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) as oxidant agent (equimolar to aniline). The polymerization reaction was made in a cooled (0 °C–0.3 °C) and stirred reactor.
How do you make polyaniline?
“Standard” preparation of polyaniline Ammonium peroxydisulfate (purum; 5.71 g, 25 mmol) was dissolved in water also to 50 mL of solution. Both solutions were kept for 1 h at room temperature (~18–24 °C), then mixed in a beaker, briefly stirred, and left at rest to poly- merize.
How do you synthesis polyaniline?
What is oxidative polymerization?
Oxidative polymerization is used for the synthesis of polymeric (oligomeric) products from various classes of monomers (aromatic amines, phenols, thiophenols, aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocycles (Higashimura & Kobayashi, 2004).
How do you make polyaniline from aniline?
Polyaniline is best synthesized using aniline monomer in aqueous medium in the presence of DBSA, PTSA, camphor sulphonic acid and other organic acids at 0oC -2oC by using oxidant like ammonium per sulphate. Care has to be taken to add APS drop-wise otherwise oligomers will be formed.
How does polyaniline become conductive?
Polyaniline can be made conductive by partial oxidation of the fully reduced (leucoemeraldine base) form or by partial protonation of the half oxidized (emeraldine base) form. Polyaniline, in which a simple protonation process can lead to an insulator-to-conductor transition, is a new concept.
What is the meaning of Emeraldine?
What makes polymer conductive?
Polymers have long been known as insulating materials and are often used to insulate cables and electrical devices. However, there are also a number of polymers that are electrically conductive. The electrical conductivity of these polymers is based on the presence of conjugated double bonds along the polymer backbone.