What is the pathogenesis of periodontal disease?
The main etiological factor of periodontal disease is the bacteria, which are capable of activating the innate immune response of the host inducing an inflammatory response. The evolution of this inflammatory response culminates in the destruction of periodontal tissues.
What are the 2 contributing factors that affect the pathogenesis of periodontitis?
Certain factors increase the risk for periodontal disease:
- Smoking.
- Diabetes.
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Stress.
- Heredity.
- Crooked teeth.
- Underlying immuno-deficiencies—e.g., AIDS.
- Fillings that have become defective.
What causes chronic periodontal disease?
Periodontitis is common but largely preventable. It’s usually the result of poor oral hygiene. Brushing at least twice a day, flossing daily and getting regular dental checkups can greatly improve your chances of successful treatment for periodontitis and can also reduce your chance of developing it.
Which pathogen is a major cause of dental disease?
Etiology. Streptococcus mutans is the main cause of dental decay.
What is the pathogenesis of gingivitis?
Gingivitis is caused by the microbial plaque deposits located in or close to the gingival sulcus. The microorganisms more strongly associated with the etiology of gingivitis include species of Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, Veillonella, and Treponema.
What are the causes and influencing factors of periodontitis?
Microorganisms and periodontal disease Of all of the various microorganisms that colonize the mouth, there are three, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (formerly Bacteroides forsythus), and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans have been implicated as etiologic agents in periodontitis.
How are periodontal pathogens spread?
actinomycetemcomitans between couples has been estimated to be from 14% to 60%, and that of P. gingivalis from 30% to 75%. Many periodontopathic bacteria are detectable in saliva even after removal of all teeth,60 suggesting that saliva is a vehicle of person-to-person transmission of these bacteria.
What is chronic periodontitis?
Chronic periodontitis is a common disease of the gums consisting of chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues which is caused by the accumulation of large amounts of dental plaque.
What are the different types of periodontal disease?
Types of Periodontal Disease
- Gingivitis.
- Chronic Periodontal Disease.
- Aggressive Periodontal Disease.
- Periodontal Disease Relating to Systemic Conditions.
- Necrotizing Periodontal Disease.
What bacteria causes periodontitis?
The bacteria associated with periodontal diseases are predominantly gram-negative anaerobic bacteria and may include A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P.
What bacteria is involved in periodontal disease?
The bacteria associated with periodontal diseases are predominantly gram-negative anaerobic bacteria and may include A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, B.
What are different categories of chronic periodontitis?
Chronic periodontitis can be further classified into: Extent (can be either localised affecting < 30% of sites; or generalised if > 30% of sites are affected) Severity (slight = 1–2 mm CAL; moderate = 3–4 mm CAL; severe ≥5 mm CAL)
How does chronic periodontitis progress?
The cumulative outcomes of chronic periodontitis become more apparent with increased age. These outcomes include alveolar bone loss, pocket formation in the gums, and detachment and loss of the teeth.
What are the 4 stages of periodontitis?
Periodontitis is broken down into four stages:
- Periodontitis Stage 1: Initial.
- Periodontitis Stage 2: Moderate.
- Periodontitis Stage 3: Severe with potential for tooth loss.
- Periodontitis Stage 4: Severe with potential for loss of all the teeth.
What is the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease?
Pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease. A summary of current work Chronic periodontitis, a common disease of microbial origin, is the major cause of tooth loss in adult humans. The disease serves as a convenient experimental model for analysis of many aspects of chronic inflammation.
What are the diseases of the periodontium?
There are two common diseases affecting the periodontium. The first is gingivitis, which is defined as inflammation of the gingiva in which the connective tissue attachment to the tooth remains at its original level. The disease is limited to the soft-tissue compartment of the gingival epithelium and connective tissue (12).
What are the risk factors for periodontal and associated systemic diseases?
Common risk factors in the management of periodontal and associated systemic diseases: the dental setting and interprofessional collaboration. The journal of evidence-based dental practice. 2014;14Suppl:4–16. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Formats: Article PubReader PDF (1.4M) Cite Share Facebook Twitter
Does periodontal infection cause osteoclastogenesis?
Inflammation-induced bone loss in response to periodontal infection has been well studied. Complex inflammatory signals and cytokine networks regulate osteoclastogenesis through RANKL, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and prostaglandin E2(84) (Fig. 1).