What is slipped DNA?
Replication slippage or slipped-strand mispairing involves the misalignment of DNA strands during the replication of repeated DNA sequences, and can lead to genetic rearrangements such as microsatellite instability.
What happens during strand slippage?
Slipped strand mispairing (SSM), (also known as replication slippage), is a mutation process which occurs during DNA replication. It involves denaturation and displacement of the DNA strands, resulting in mispairing of the complementary bases.
What is polymerase slipping?
Polymerase slippage sometimes occurs during replication; DNA polymerase III falls off of the DNA template at the repeat region, then reattaches at a more distant site. Polymerase slippage can cause the newly created DNA strand to contain an expanded section of DNA.
What is primer slippage?
If primer slippage occurs, it usually involves a homopolymer region (e.g. CCCC) at the 3′ end and leads to the deletion of 1-2 bases. Insertions were less common and were limited to single base inserts in the primer sets examined in this study.
Which of the following mutations might increase the incidence of slipped-strand mispairing?
Which of the following mutagens might increase the incidence of slipped-strand mispairing? tumor-suppressor gene.
What are 4 causes of mutations?
Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection. Germline mutations (that occur in eggs and sperm) can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations (that occur in body cells) are not passed on.
What is processivity in DNA replication?
Processivity is defined as the ability of DNA polymerase to carry out continuous DNA synthesis on a template DNA without frequent dissociation. It can be measured by the average number of nucleotides incorporated by a DNA polymerase on a single association/disassociation event.
What disease is caused by mutation?
Types of Changes in DNA
| Class of Mutation | Type of Mutation | Human Disease(s) Linked to This Mutation |
|---|---|---|
| Point mutation | Substitution | Sickle-cell anemia |
| Insertion | One form of beta-thalassemia | |
| Deletion | Cystic fibrosis | |
| Chromosomal mutation | Inversion | Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome |
What is degree of processivity?
What is high processivity?
In molecular biology and biochemistry, processivity is an enzyme’s ability to catalyze “consecutive reactions without releasing its substrate”. For example, processivity is the average number of nucleotides added by a polymerase enzyme, such as DNA polymerase, per association event with the template strand.